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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for anti-SpA antibodies in hyper-immune egg whites.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjnrkmd6 Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. A simple method for purification of immunoglobulin-Y (IgY).. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjuwknxe Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: IgA appears in 2 different molecular structures: monomeric (serum) and dimeric structure (secretory). The serum IgA has a molecular weight of 160 Kd and a serum concentration of 3 mg/mL. Secretory IgA (sIgA) has a molecular weight of 385 Kd and a mean serum concentration of 0.05 mg/mL. It appears in mucosa membranes as a dimer (with J chain when secreted) and protects the epithelial surfaces of the respiratory, digestive, and genitourinary system. IgA possesses a secretory component that prevents its enzymatic digestion. It activates the alternative pathway of activation of the complement system. [1]
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme 2020. ELISA for quantification of human immunoglobulin A (IgA) in serum or plasma.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj7vkrn6 Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: IgE is a monomer. It has a molecular weight of 188 Kd and a serum concentration of 0.00005 mg/mL. It protects against parasites and also binds to high-affinity receptors on mast cells and basophils causing allergic reactions. [1]
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme 2020. ELISA for quantification of human immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum or plasma.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj7xkrpn Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. Bone marrow stromal cells produce IL-7 that acts on pre-B cells and T cells. It causes B-cell and T-cell proliferation.[1]Reference1. Justiz Vaillant AA, Qurie A. Interleukin. In:StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; June 12, 2019.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-7 in human serum.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj26kqhe Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. Monocytes, epithelium, and muscles make IL-15. It acts on T cells and activated B cells. It causes the proliferation of both B and T cells. It causes NK cell memory and CD8+ T cell proliferation. [1]Reference1. Justiz Vaillant AA, Qurie A. Interleukin. In:StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; June 12, 2019.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-15 in human serum.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bkepktdn Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. They have both paracrine and autocrine function. Interleukins are also used in animal studies to investigate aspect related to clinical medicine.[1]Macrophages, large granular lymphocytes, B cells, endothelium, fibroblasts, and astrocytes secrete IL-1. T cells, B cells, macrophages, endothelium and tissue cells are the principal targets. IL-1 causes lymphocyte activation, macrophage stimulation, increased leukocyte/endothelial adhesion, fever due to hypothalamus stimulation, and release of acute phase proteins by the liver. It may also cause apoptosis in many cell types and cachexia.[2]Reference1. Zhu Z, Wang D, Jiao W, Chen G, Cao Y, Zhang Q, Wang J. Bioinformatics analyses of pathways and gene predictions in IL-1α and IL-1β knockout mice with spinal cord injury. Acta Histochem. 2017 Sep;119(7):663-670. [PubMed]2. Boraschi D, Bossu P, Macchia G, Ruggiero P, Tagliabue A. Structure-function relationship in the IL-1 family. Front. Biosci. 1996 Oct 01;1:d270-308. [PubMed]
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-1 in human serum or plasma.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bkerktd6 Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: This immunoassay tested the ability of anti-anti-SpA (Ab-2) to inhibit or interfere with the binding of anti-anti-anti-SpA (Ab-3) to the original antigen- staphylococcal protein A (SpA). It is a confirmation test of the functional capacity of Ab-2. In this ELISA, both Ab-2 and the antigen SpA compete for binding to Ab-3. When Ab-2 is present, it blocks the binding of HRP-labeled SpA to Ab-3, resulting in inhibition of reaction color development.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Competitive ELISA to study the inhibition of the SpA- binding to Ab-3 by Ab-2.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjkbkksn Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Norma McFarlane-Anderson
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: This SpLAG ELISA can be used to detect specific antibodies in various animal species including human, goat, donkey, mouse, rat, dog, cow, horse, ostrich, bantam hen, rabbit, chicken, monkey, pig, hamster, and many wild and zoo animals species [1].1. Vaillant AJ, McFarlane-Andersonv N, Wisdom B, Mohammed W, Vuma S, et al. (2013) Immunoglobulin-binding Bacterial Proteins (IBP) Conjugates and their Reactivity with Immunoglobulin in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). J Anal Bioanal Tech 4: 175. doi:10.4172/2155-9872.1000175
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Norma McFarlane-Anderson 2020. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for investigating the binding of chemically prepared protein-LAG (SpLAG) to immunoglobulins.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjprkmm6 Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. They have both paracrine and autocrine function. Interleukins are also used in animal studies to investigate aspect related to clinical medicine.[1]Macrophages, large granular lymphocytes, B cells, endothelium, fibroblasts, and astrocytes secrete IL-1. T cells, B cells, macrophages, endothelium and tissue cells are the principal targets. IL-1 causes lymphocyte activation, macrophage stimulation, increased leukocyte/endothelial adhesion, fever due to hypothalamus stimulation, and release of acute phase proteins by the liver. It may also cause apoptosis in many cell types and cachexia.[2]Reference1. Zhu Z, Wang D, Jiao W, Chen G, Cao Y, Zhang Q, Wang J. Bioinformatics analyses of pathways and gene predictions in IL-1α and IL-1β knockout mice with spinal cord injury. Acta Histochem. 2017 Sep;119(7):663-670. [PubMed]2. Boraschi D, Bossu P, Macchia G, Ruggiero P, Tagliabue A. Structure-function relationship in the IL-1 family. Front. Biosci. 1996 Oct 01;1:d270-308. [PubMed]
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-1 in human serum.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj2zkqf6 Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: The monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1/CCL2) is a member of the C-C chemokine family, and it is a potent chemotactic factor for monocytes.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme 2020. ELISA for quantification of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) in human serum or plasma. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bktmkwk6 Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. Immune cells and activated epithelial cells secrete IL-20. It acts on epithelial cells. It plays a vital role in the cellular communication between epithelial cells and the immune system under inflammatory conditions.[1]Reference1. Justiz Vaillant AA, Qurie A. Interleukin. In:StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; June 12, 2019.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-20 in human serum.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj3kkqkw Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Peroxidase-labeled anti-IgY conjugated to proteins L, A and G (SpLAG-anti-IgY-HRP) is a new development in the field of biochemistry. This versatile protein binds to more 700 species of animal IgGs including birds, laboratory animals, farm animals, wild animals, pets, and many others. This conjugate can be used in the study of zoonosis and the assessment of the antibody production for the study of the animal immune system. This immunomarker is not available in a recombinant form as their counterpart SpLA-HRP, SpLG-HRP and SpAG-HRP. It can be used in ELISA, immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, Dot blot, and RIA [1-4]. References1. Justiz-Vaillant AA, Akpaka PE, McFarlane-Anderson N, Smikle MF. Comparison of techniques of detecting immunoglobulin-binding protein reactivity to immunoglobulin produced by different avian and mammalian species.West Indian Med J. 2013;62(1):12-20.2. Vaillant AJ, McFarlane-Andersonv N, Wisdom B, Mohammed W, Vuma S, et al. (2013) Immunoglobulin-binding Bacterial Proteins (IBP) Conjugates and their Reactivity with Immunoglobulin in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). J Anal Bioanal Tech 4: 175. doi:10.4172/2155-9872.1000175. 3.Justiz-Vaillant AA, McFarlane-Andersonv N, Wisdom B, Mohammed W, Vuma S, et al. Immunoglobulin-binding Bacterial Proteins (IBP) Conjugates and their Reactivity with Immunoglobulin in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). J Anal Bioanal Tech 2013, 4: 175.4. Stöbel K, Schönberg A, Staak C. A new non-species dependent ELISA for detection of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in zoo animals. Int J Med Microbiol. 2002, 291 Suppl 33: 88-99.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Protocol of preparation of a Protein-LAG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase-labeled immunoglobulin Y (IgY-HRP). . protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjk8kkzw Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Peroxidase conjugated to proteins L, A and G (SpLAG-HRP) is a new development in the field of biochemistry. This versatile protein binds to more 500 species of animal IgGs. It makes it suitable for the study of zoonosis and the assessment of the antibody production to infectious microorganisms. This immunomarker is not available in a recombinant form as their counterpart SpLA-HRP, SpLG-HRP and SpAG-HRP. It can be used in ELISA, immunohistochemistry, Western blot analysis, Dot blot, and RIA [1,2]. References1. Justiz-Vaillant AA, Akpaka PE, McFarlane-Anderson N, Smikle MF. Comparison of techniques of detecting immunoglobulin-binding protein reactivity to immunoglobulin produced by different avian and mammalian species.West Indian Med J. 2013;62(1):12-20.2. Vaillant AJ, McFarlane-Andersonv N, Wisdom B, Mohammed W, Vuma S, et al. (2013) Immunoglobulin-binding Bacterial Proteins (IBP) Conjugates and their Reactivity with Immunoglobulin in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). J Anal Bioanal Tech 4: 175. doi:10.4172/2155-9872.1000175.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Protocol of preparation of a protein-LAG conjugated to horseradish peroxidase by the periodate method.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjk7kkzn Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Suzette E Curtello
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: The United States veterinarian Daniel E Salmon discovered the genus Salmonella. Salmonella is non-spore forming and it may survive without oxygen. This bacterial strain is mainly associated with animals. Salmonella is ubiquitous and may be asymptomatic which has generated great health concern.This bacterium is associated with life threatening diseases among human and animals.Gastroenteritis is one such disease which may resolve itself within five days in healthy individuals.Immuno compromised individuals and the young are at great risk as this may progress to secondary systemic complication.Salmonella serotype exceeds two thousand which may be differentiated from each other by the International Kauffmann-white Scheme Serotyping Manual.Surface antigens produced by salmonellae are used in the determination of isolated strain.Determination of the “O” antigen group associated with the carbohydrate constituent of the lipopolysaccharide membrane of the bacterium precede the identification of the protein “H” antigen which is linked to the tail like flagella of the bacterium.The two existing phases of Salmonellamay be referred to as specific and nonspecific which function as motile and non motile phases.The existing phase of Salmonellawill determine the “H” antigens that are produced.An additional “Vi” antigen is associated with virulent encapsulated strains of Salmonella Typhi.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Suzette E Curtello 2020. Salmonella purification. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjjekkje Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Determination of C3 concentration by the Mancini test.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj94kr8w Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. Regulatory T-cells synthesize IL-28, which acts on keratinocytes and melanocytes. It stimulates cell presentation of viral antigens to CD8+T lymphocytes. IL-28 also upregulates TLR-2 and TLR-3 expression. IL-28 enhances the keratinocyte capacity to recognize pathogens in the healthy skin. [1]Reference1. Justiz Vaillant AA, Qurie A. Interleukin. In:StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; June 12, 2019.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-28 in human serum.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj3xkqpn Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. T cells make IL-27 that activates STAT-1 and STAT-3, which regulates immune responses. IL-27 stimulates IL-10 production. It is a pro-inflammatory molecule and upregulates type-2 interferon synthesis by natural killer cells. [1]Reference1. Justiz Vaillant AA, Qurie A. Interleukin. In:StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; June 12, 2019.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-27 in human serum.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj3wkqpe Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: In this experiment anti-chicken IgY developed in rabbit cross-reacts with a large panel of avian species including ostrich, duck, pigeon, and quail.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Binding of avian immunoglobulins to peroxidase-labeled anti-chicken IgY conjugate by double immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) technique.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjsiknce Copy
Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: This reagent can be used in ELISA, Western blotting and Dot blot to detect antigens and antibodies. It is important in the immunodiagnosis of infectious diseases and other problems. I find this useful in the detection of anti-HIV antibodies by ELISA.
Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Preparation of staphylococcal protein-A conjugated to horseradish peroxidase by the periodate method.. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjk5kky6 Copy
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