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http://www.geneontology.org/

Computable knowledge regarding functions of genes and gene products. GO resources include biomedical ontologies that cover molecular domains of all life forms as well as extensive compilations of gene product annotations to these ontologies that provide largely species-neutral, comprehensive statements about what gene products do. Used to standardize representation of gene and gene product attributes across species and databases.

Proper citation: Gene Ontology (RRID:SCR_002811) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://dbserv2.informatik.uni-leipzig.de:8080/onex/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 6,2023. Web-based application that integrates versions of 16 life science ontologies including the Gene Ontology, NCI Thesaurus and selected OBO ontologies with data leading back to 2002 in a common repository to explore ontology changes. It allows to study and apply the evolution of these integrated ontologies on three different levels. It provides global ontology evolution statistics and ontology-specific evolution trends for concepts and relationships and it allows the migration of annotations in case a new ontology version was released

Proper citation: OnEx - Ontology Evolution Explorer (RRID:SCR_000602) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.pantherdb.org/

System that classifies genes by their functions, using published scientific experimental evidence and evolutionary relationships to predict function even in absence of direct experimental evidence. Orthologs view is curated orthology relationships between genes for human, mouse, rat, fish, worm, and fly., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.

Proper citation: PANTHER (RRID:SCR_004869) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://gemdock.life.nctu.edu.tw/3D-Interologs

Database of physical protein-protein interactions across multiple genomes. Based on 3D-domain interolog mapping and a scoring function, protein-protein interactions are inferred by using three-dimensional (3D) structure heterodimers to search the UniProt database. For a query protein, the database utilizes BLAST to identify homologous proteins and the interacting partners from multiple species. Based on the scoring function and structure complexes, it provides the statistic significances, the interacting models (e.g. hydrogen bonds and conserved amino acids), and functional annotations of interacting partners of a query protein. The identification of orthologous proteins of multiple species allows the study of protein-protein evolution, protein functions, and cross-referencing of proteins.

Proper citation: 3D-Interologs (RRID:SCR_003101) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://planttfdb.gao-lab.org/

Comprehensive plant transcription factor database. Interface to allow users to search the database by IDs or free texts, to make sequence similarity search against TFs of all or individual species, and to download TF sequences for local analysis.PlantTFDB 3.0: a portal for the functional and evolutionary study of plant transcription factors

Proper citation: PLANTTFDB (RRID:SCR_003362) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://coot.embl.de/g2d/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented August 22, 2016. A database of candidate genes for mapped inherited human diseases. Candidate priorities are automatically established by a data mining algorithm that extracts putative genes in the chromosomal region where the disease is mapped, and evaluates their possible relation to the disease based on the phenotype of the disorder. Data analysis uses a scoring system developed for the possible functional relations of human genes to genetically inherited diseases that have been mapped onto chromosomal regions without assignment of a particular gene. Methodology can be divided in two parts: the association of genes to phenotypic features, and the identification of candidate genes on a chromosonal region by homology. This is an analysis of relations between phenotypic features and chemical objects, and from chemical objects to protein function terms, based on the whole MEDLINE and RefSeq databases.

Proper citation: Candidate Genes to Inherited Diseases (RRID:SCR_008190) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://omictools.com/ecgene-tool

Database of functional annotation for alternatively spliced genes. It uses a gene-modeling algorithm that combines the genome-based expressed sequence tag (EST) clustering and graph-theoretic transcript assembly procedures. It contains genome, mRNA, and EST sequence data, as well as a genome browser application. Organisms included in the database are human, dog, chicken, fruit fly, mouse, rhesus, rat, worm, and zebrafish. Annotation is provided for the whole transcriptome, not just the alternatively spliced genes. Several viewers and applications are provided that are useful for the analysis of the transcript structure and gene expression. The summary viewer shows the gene summary and the essence of other annotation programs. The genome browser and the transcript viewer are available for comparing the gene structure of splice variants. Changes in the functional domains by alternative splicing can be seen at a glance in the transcript viewer. Two unique ways of analyzing gene expression is also provided. The SAGE tags deduced from the assembled transcripts are used to delineate quantitative expression patterns from SAGE libraries available publicly. The cDNA libraries of EST sequences in each cluster are used to infer qualitative expression patterns.

Proper citation: ECgene: Gene Modeling with Alternative Splicing (RRID:SCR_007634) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.medinfopoli.polimi.it/GFINDer/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on August 16, 2019. Multi-database system providing large-scale lists of user-classified sequence identifiers with genome-scale biological information and functional profiles biologically characterizing the different gene classes in the list. GFINDer automatically retrieves updated annotations of several functional categories from different sources, identifies the categories enriched in each class of a user-classified gene list, and calculates statistical significance values for each category. Moreover, GFINDer enables to functionally classify genes according to mined functional categories and to statistically analyze the obtained classifications, aiding in better interpreting microarray experiment results.

Proper citation: GFINDer: Genome Function INtegrated Discoverer (RRID:SCR_008868) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://150.216.56.64/index.php

Database platform for cotton expressed sequence tag (EST)-related information, covering assembled contigs, function annotation, analysis of GO and KEGG, SNP, miRNA, SSR-related marker information.

Proper citation: Cotton EST Database (RRID:SCR_003301) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://web.cbio.uct.ac.za/ITGOM/

The Integrated Tool for IC-based GO Semantic Similarity Measures (IT-GOM) integrates the currently known GO semantic similarity measures into a single tool. It provides the information content (IC) of GO terms, semantic similarity between GO terms and GO-based protein functional similarity scores. The specificity of GO terms and the similarity of biological content between GO terms or proteins are transformed into numeric values for protein analyses at the functional level. The integration of the different measures enables users to choose the measure best suited to their application and to compare results between different semantic similarity measures. Platform: Online tool

Proper citation: IT-GOM: Integrated Tool for IC-based GO Semantic Similarity Measures (RRID:SCR_005815) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.utsouthwestern.edu/education/medical-school/departments/pathology/pathdb/classifi.html

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on July 10, 2012. Cluster Assignment for Biological Inference (CLASSIFI) is a data-mining tool that can be used to identify significant co-clustering of genes with similar functional properties (e.g. cellular response to DNA damage). Briefly, CLASSIFI uses the Gene Ontology gene annotation scheme to define the functional properties of all genes/probes in a microarray data set, and then applies a cumulative hypergeometric distribution analysis to determine if any statistically significant gene ontology co-clustering has occurred. Platform: Online tool

Proper citation: CLASSIFI - Cluster Assignment for Biological Inference (RRID:SCR_005752) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://mitominer.mrc-mbu.cam.ac.uk/

A database of mitochondrial proteomics data. It includes two sets of proteins: the MitoMiner Reference Set, which has 10477 proteins from 12 species; and MitoCarta, which has 2909 proteins from mouse and human mitochondrial proteins. MitoMiner provides annotation from the Gene Ontology (GO) and UniProt databases. This reference set contains all proteins that are annotated by either of these resources as mitochondrial in any of the species included in MitoMiner. MitoMiner data via is available via Application Programming Interface (API). The client libraries are provided in Perl, Python, Ruby and Java.

Proper citation: MitoMiner (RRID:SCR_001368) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://organelledb.lsi.umich.edu/

Database of organelle proteins, and subcellular structures / complexes from compiled protein localization data from organisms spanning the eukaryotic kingdom. All data may be downloaded as a tab-delimited text file and new localization data (and localization images, etc) for any organism relevant to the data sets currently contained in Organelle DB is welcomed. The data sets in Organelle DB encompass 138 organisms with emphasis on the major model systems: S. cerevisiae, A. thaliana, D. melanogaster, C. elegans, M. musculus, and human proteins as well. In particular, Organelle DB is a central repository of yeast protein localization data, incorporating results from both previous and current (ongoing) large-scale studies of protein localization in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In addition, we have manually curated several recent subcellular proteomic studies for incorporation in Organelle DB. In total, Organelle DB is a singular resource consolidating our knowledge of the protein composition of eukaryotic organelles and subcellular structures. When available, we have included terms from the Gene Ontologies: the cellular component, molecular function, and biological process fields are discussed more fully in GO. Additionally, when available, we have included fluorescent micrographs (principally of yeast cells) visualizing the described protein localization. Organelle View is a visualization tool for yeast protein localization. It is a visually engaging way for high school and undergraduate students to learn about genetics or for visually-inclined researchers to explore Organelle DB. By revealing the data through a colorful, dimensional model, we believe that different kinds of information will come to light.

Proper citation: Organelle DB (RRID:SCR_007837) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://spotfire.tibco.com/

The Spotfire Gene Ontology Advantage Application integrates GO annotations with gene expression analysis in Spotfire DecisionSite for Functional Genomics. Researchers can select a subset of genes in DecisionSite visualizations and display their distribution in the Gene Ontology hierarchy. Similarly, selection of any process, function or cellular location in the Gene Ontology hierarchy automatically marks the corresponding genes in DecisionSite visualizations. Platform: Windows compatible

Proper citation: Spotfire (RRID:SCR_008858) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://basalganglia.huji.ac.il/links.htm

GOdist is a Matlab program that analyzes Affymetrix microarray expression data implementing Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) continuous statistics approach. It also implements the discrete approach using Fisher exact test employing a two-tailed hypergeometric distribution. GOdist enables detection of both kinds of changes within specific GO terms represented on the array in relation to different populations: the global array population, the direct parents of the analyzed GO term and the global parent of it (e.g. biological process, molecular function or cellular component). Platform: Windows compatible, Mac OS X compatible, Linux compatible, Unix compatible

Proper citation: GOdist (RRID:SCR_005770) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://uberon.org

An integrated cross-species anatomy ontology representing a variety of entities classified according to traditional anatomical criteria such as structure, function and developmental lineage. The ontology includes comprehensive relationships to taxon-specific anatomical ontologies, allowing integration of functional, phenotype and expression data. Uberon consists of over 10000 classes (March 2014) representing structures that are shared across a variety of metazoans. The majority of these classes are chordate specific, and there is large bias towards model organisms and human.

Proper citation: UBERON (RRID:SCR_010668) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://pathways.mcdb.ucla.edu/algal/

Tools to search gene lists for functional term enrichment as well as to dynamically visualize proteins onto pathway maps. Additionally, integrated expression data may be used to discover similarly expressed genes based on a starting gene of interest.

Proper citation: Algal Functional Annotation Tool (RRID:SCR_012034) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://bis.zju.edu.cn/pnatdb/

Natural Antisense Transcripts (NATs), a kind of regulatory RNAs, occur prevalently in plant genomes and play significant roles in physiological and/or pathological processes. PlantNATsDB (Plant Natural Antisense Transcripts DataBase) is a platform for annotating and discovering NATs by integrating various data sources involving approximately 2 million NAT pairs in 69 plant species. PlantNATsDB also provides an integrative, interactive and information-rich web graphical interface to display multidimensional data, and facilitate plant research community and the discovery of functional NATs. GO annotation and high-throughput small RNA sequencing data currently available were integrated to investigate the biological function of NATs. A ''''Gene Set Analysis'''' module based on GO annotation was designed to dig out the statistical significantly overrepresented GO categories from the specific NAT network. PlantNATsDB is currently the most comprehensive resource of NATs in the plant kingdom, which can serve as a reference database to investigate the regulatory function of NATs.

Proper citation: PlantNATsDB - Plant Natural Antisense Transcripts DataBase (RRID:SCR_013278) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.informatics.jax.org/mgihome/GO/project.shtml

This resource is part of the Gene Ontology Consortium which seeks to provide controlled vocabularies for the description of the molecular function, biological process, and cellular component of gene products. These terms are to be used as attributes of gene products by collaborating databases, facilitating uniform queries across them. GO team members at MGI participate in ontology development, outreach, and functional curation of mouse gene products. The GO vocabularies have a hierarchical structure that permits a range of detail from high-level, broadly descriptive terms to very low level, highly specific terms. This broad range is useful both in annotating genes and in searching for gene information using these terms as search criteria. GO terms are defined, allowing all databases to use the terms consistently and properly. GO annotations in the databases additionally include the publication reference which allowed the association to be made and an evidence statement citing how the association was determined.

Proper citation: Mouse Genome Informatics: The Gene Ontology Project (RRID:SCR_006447) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.flymine.org/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on January 14,2026. Integrated database of genomic, expression and protein data for Drosophila, Anopheles, C. elegans and other organisms. You can run flexible queries, export results and analyze lists of data. FlyMine presents data in categories, with each providing information on a particular type of data (for example Gene Expression or Protein Interactions). Template queries, as well as the QueryBuilder itself, allow you to perform searches that span data from more than one category. Advanced users can use a flexible query interface to construct their own data mining queries across the multiple integrated data sources, to modify existing template queries or to create your own template queries. Access our FlyMine data via our Application Programming Interface (API). We provide client libraries in the following languages: Perl, Python, Ruby and & Java API

Proper citation: FlyMine (RRID:SCR_002694) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry