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http://vision.ucsf.edu/hortonlab/index.html

Devise better ways to prevent and treat vision loss due to amblyopia and strabismus, and to advance medical science by understanding the human visual system. Various Images, Videos and Talks related to the research are available. In the Laboratory for Visual Neuroscience at the University of California, San Francisco, we are seeking to discover how visual perception occurs in the human brain. The function of the visual system is to guide our behavior by providing an efficient means for the rapid assimilation of information from the environment. As we navigate through our surroundings, a continuous stream of light images impinges on our eyes. In the back of each eye a light-sensitive tissue, the retina, converts patterns of light energy into electrical discharges known as action potentials. These signals are conveyed along the axons of retinal ganglion cells to the lateral geniculate body, a relay nucleus in the thalamus. Most of the output of the lateral geniculate body is relayed directly to the primary visual cortex (striate cortex, V1), and then to surrounding visual association areas. To understand the function of the visual pathways, our research is focused on 5 major themes: * Organization of Primary Visual Cortex * Mapping of Extrastriate Visual Cortex * Amblyopia and Visual Development * Strabismus and Visual Suppression * The Human Visual Cortex

Proper citation: UCSF Laboratory for Visual Neuroscience (RRID:SCR_004913) Copy   

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http://www.pbtfus.org/

The Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation (PBTF) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to eradicating childhood brain tumors and providing support to families. It is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit charitable organization that seeks to * find the cause of and cure for childhood brain tumors by supporting medical research * increase public awareness about the severity and prevalence of childhood brain tumors * aid in the early detection and treatment of childhood brain tumors * support a national database on all primary brain tumors * provide educational and emotional support for children and families affected by this life-threatening disease. As the world''s largest non-governmental source of funding for childhood brain tumor research, we''re dedicated to not only eradicating this disease, but to providing support to families. Our educational resources deliver comfort and hope to families in need of information, and our college scholarship program gives brain tumor survivors a boost for the future. Through our efforts to raise public awareness, more attention has been focused on this deadly disease. Whether addressing congressional briefings or funding international conferences, the PBTF is an unwavering advocate. Together, we''re making a difference in the lives of children with brain tumors. And with your continued help, we will cure the kids!

Proper citation: Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation (RRID:SCR_004755) Copy   

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http://bio-bwa.sourceforge.net/

Software for aligning sequencing reads against large reference genome. Consists of three algorithms: BWA-backtrack, BWA-SW and BWA-MEM. First for sequence reads up to 100bp, and other two for longer sequences ranged from 70bp to 1Mbp.

Proper citation: BWA (RRID:SCR_010910) Copy   

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http://neuroade.christakou.org/

At neuroade, a Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, we study change in brain and behavior across multiple time-scales. Researchers in the lab combine a variety of methodologies to answer specific questions about typical and atypical behavior and development. We use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), peripheral psychophysiology (such as skin conductance responses), behavioral testing, genotyping analysis, and computational modeling. Most of our work takes place at the Centre for Integrative Neuroscience and Neurodynamics (CINN), and we all live in the Department of Psychology at the University of Reading. Our research is divided into several distinct yet highly interlinked themes, all converging in their application to understanding psychopathology -- summarised here in no particular order: * Decision-making and the Evaluation of Decision Outcomes * Dimensions of Impulsivity as a Foraging Strategy * Adolescent Development * Computational Modeling Probes of Individual Differences

Proper citation: neuroade (RRID:SCR_006758) Copy   

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http://www.aids.gov/podcast/podcast-gallery/

Podcasts from AIDS.gov, featuring information from the Federal government about HIV/AIDS prevention, testing, research, treatment, and using new media in response to HIV/AIDS. Categories include: Basic HIV information, New Media, Federal Programs and Policies, HIV/AIDS Awareness Days, and Real Stories.

Proper citation: AIDS.gov Podcast (RRID:SCR_006750) Copy   

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http://scicrunch.org

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on August 27, 2019.

Database for those interested in the consequences of Factor VIII genetic variation at the DNA and protein level, it provides access to data on the molecular pathology of haemophilia A. The database presents a review of the structure and function of factor VIII and the molecular genetics of haemophilia A, a real time update of the biostatistics of each parameter in the database, a molecular model of the A1, A2 and A3 domains of the factor VIII protein (based on the crystal structure of caeruloplasmin) and a bulletin board for discussion of issues in the molecular biology of factor VIII. The database is completely updated with easy submission of point mutations, deletions and insertions via e-mail of custom-designed forms. A methods section devoted to mutation detection is available, highlighting issues such as choice of technique and PCR primer sequences. The FVIII structure section now includes a download of a FVIII A domain homology model in Protein Data Bank format and a multiple alignment of the FVIII amino-acid sequences from four species (human, murine, porcine and canine) in addition to the virtual reality simulations, secondary structural data and FVIII animation already available. Finally, to aid navigation across this site, a clickable roadmap of the main features provides easy access to the page desired. Their intention is that continued development and updating of the site shall provide workers in the fields of molecular and structural biology with a one-stop resource site to facilitate FVIII research and education. To submit your mutants to the Haemophilia A Mutation Database email the details. (Refer to Submission Guidelines)

Proper citation: HAMSTeRS - The Haemophilia A Mutation Structure Test and Resource Site (RRID:SCR_006883) Copy   

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http://www.dkfz.de/en/mga/Groups/LIFEdb-Database.html

Database that integrates large-scale functional genomics assays and manual cDNA annotation with bioinformatics gene expression and protein analysis. LifeDB integrates data regarding full length cDNA clones and data on expression of encoded protein and their subcellular localization on mammalian cell line. LifeDB enables the scientific community to systematically search and select genes, proteins as well as cDNA of interest by specific database identifiers as well as gene name. It enables to visualize cDNA clone and subcellular location of proteins. It also links the results to external biological databases in order to provide a broader functional information. LifeDB also provides an annotation pipeline which facilitates an improved mapping of clones to known human reference transcripts from the RefSeq database and the Ensembl database. An advanced web interface enables the researchers to view the data in a more user friendly manner. Users can search using any one of the following search options available both in Search gene and cDNA clones and Search Sub-cellular locations of human proteins: By Keyword, By gene/transcript identifier, By plate name, By clone name, By cellular location. * The Search genes and cDNA clones results include: Gene Name, Ensemble ID, Genomic Region, Clone name, Plate name, Plate position, Classification class, Synonymous SNP''s, Non- synonymous SNP''s, Number of ambiguous positions, and Alignment with reference genes. * The Search sub-cellular locations of human proteins results include: Subcellular location, Gene Name, Ensemble ID, Clone name, True localization, Images, Start tag and End tag. Every result page has an option to download result data (excluding the microscopy images). On click of ''Download results as CSV-file'' link in the result page the user will be given a choice to open or save result data in form of a CSV (Comma Separated Values) file. Later the CSV file can be easily opened using Excel or OpenOffice.

Proper citation: LifeDB (RRID:SCR_006899) Copy   

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http://www.genoscope.cns.fr/externe/tetraodon/

The initial objective of Genoscope was to compare the genomic sequences of this fish to that of humans to help in the annotation of human genes and to estimate their number. This strategy is based on the common genetic heritage of the vertebrates: from one species of vertebrate to another, even for those as far apart as a fish and a mammal, the same genes are present for the most part. In the case of the compact genome of Tetraodon, this common complement of genes is contained in a genome eight times smaller than that of humans. Although the length of the exons is similar in these two species, the size of the introns and the intergenic sequences is greatly reduced in this fish. Furthermore, these regions, in contrast to the exons, have diverged completely since the separation of the lineages leading to humans and Tetraodon. The Exofish method, developed at Genoscope, exploits this contrast such that the conserved regions which can be identified by comparing genomic sequences of the two species, correspond only to coding regions. Using preliminary sequencing results of the genome of Tetraodon in the year 2000, Genoscope evaluated the number of human genes at about 30,000, whereas much higher estimations were current. The progress of the annotation of the human genome has since supported the Genoscope hypothesis, with values as low as 22,000 genes and a consensus of around 25,000 genes. The sequencing of the Tetraodon genome at a depth of about 8X, carried out as a collaboration between Genoscope and the Whitehead Institute Center for Genome Research (now the Broad Institute), was finished in 2002, with the production of an assembly covering 90 of the euchromatic region of the genome of the fish. This has permitted the application of Exofish at a larger scale in comparisons with the genome of humans, but also with those of the two other vertebrates sequenced at the time (Takifugu, a fish closely related to Tetraodon, and the mouse). The conserved regions detected in this way have been integrated into the annotation procedure, along with other resources (cDNA sequences from Tetraodon and ab initio predictions). Of the 28,000 genes annotated, some families were examined in detail: selenoproteins, and Type 1 cytokines and their receptors. The comparison of the proteome of Tetraodon with those of mammals has revealed some interesting differences, such as a major diversification of some hormone systems and of the collagen molecules in the fish. A search for transposable elements in the genomic sequences of Tetraodon has also revealed a high diversity (75 types), which contrasts with their scarcity; the small size of the Tetraodon genome is due to the low abundance of these elements, of which some appear to still be active. Another factor in the compactness of the Tetraodon genome, which has been confirmed by annotation, is the reduction in intron size, which approaches a lower limit of 50-60 bp, and which preferentially affects certain genes. The availability of the sequences from the genomes of humans and mice on one hand, and Takifugu and Tetraodon on the other, provide new opportunities for the study of vertebrate evolution. We have shown that the level of neutral evolution is higher in fish than in mammals. The protein sequences of fish also diverge more quickly than those of mammals. A key mechanism in evolution is gene duplication, which we have studied by taking advantage of the anchoring of the majority of the sequences from the assembly on the chromosomes. The result of this study speaks strongly in favor of a whole genome duplication event, very early in the line of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygians). An even stronger evidence came from synteny studies between the genomes of humans and Tetraodon. Using a high-resolution synteny map, we have reconstituted the genome of the vertebrate which predates this duplication - that is, the last common ancestor to all bony vertebrates (most of the vertebrates apart from cartilaginous fish and agnaths like lamprey). This ancestral karyotype contains 12 chromosomes, and the 21 Tetraodon chromosomes derive from it by the whole genome duplication and a surprisingly small number of interchromosomal rearrangements. On the contrary, exchanges between chromosomes have been much more frequent in the lineage that leads to humans. Sponsors: The project was supported by the Consortium National de Recherche en Genomique and the National Human Genome Research Institute.

Proper citation: Tetraodon Genome Browser (RRID:SCR_007079) Copy   

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http://www.broadinstitute.org/

Biomedical and genomic research center located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Nonprofit research organization under the name Broad Institute Inc., and is partners with Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, and the five Harvard teaching hospitals. Dedicated to advance understanding of biology and treatment of human disease to improve human health.

Proper citation: Broad Institute (RRID:SCR_007073) Copy   

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http://www.chr7.org

Database containing the DNA sequence and annotation of the entire human chromosome 7, encompassing nearly 158 million nucleotides of DNA and 1917 gene structures, are presented; the most up to date collation of sequence, gene, and other annotations from all databases (eg. Celera published, NCBI, Ensembl, RIKEN, UCSC) as well as unpublished data. To generate a higher order description, additional structural features such as imprinted genes, fragile sites, and segmental duplications were integrated at the level of the DNA sequence with medical genetic data, including 440 chromosome rearrangement breakpoints associated with disease. The objective of this project is to generate a comprehensive description of human chromosome 7 to facilitate biological discovery, disease gene research and medical genetic applications. There are over 360 disease-associated genes or loci on chromosome 7. A major challenge ahead will be to represent chromosome alterations, variants, and polymorphisms and their related phenotypes (or lack thereof), in an accessible way. In addition to being a primary data source, this site serves as a weighing station for testing community ideas and information to produce highly curated data to be submitted to other databases such as NCBI, Ensembl, and UCSC. Therefore, any useful data submitted will be curated and shown in this database. All Chromosome 7 genomic clones (cosmids, BACs, YACs) listed in GBrowser and in other data tables are freely distributed.

Proper citation: Chromosome 7 Annotation Project (RRID:SCR_007134) Copy   

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http://www.visionnetwork.nei.nih.gov/

The National Eye Institute (NEI) created the VISION Public Information Network for the purpose of communicating with public information officers at NEI grantee institutions. The Network''s primary mission is to work with the NEI in disseminating research results to the national and local media. The Network also works to inform the public of the mission of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to improve the health of America through medical research. The NEI is part of the NIH, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). General information portal for eye and vision related resources for the public. Sponsors: This resource is supported by the National Eye Institute.

Proper citation: Vision Public Information Network (RRID:SCR_007340) Copy   

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http://nsr.bioeng.washington.edu/

Database of physiological, pharmacological, and pathological information on humans and other organisms and integration through computational modeling. Models include everything from diagrammatic schema, suggesting relationships among elements composing a system, to fully quantitative, computational models describing the behavior of physiological systems and an organism''s response to environmental change. Each mathematical model is an internally self-consistent summary of available information, and thereby defines a working hypothesis about how a system operates. Predictions from such models are subject to test, with new results leading to new models.BR /> A Tool developed for the NSR Physiome project is JSim, an open source, free software. JSim is a Java-based simulation system for building quantitative numeric models and analyzing them with respect to experimental reference data. JSim''s primary focus is in physiology and biomedicine, however its computational engine is quite general and applicable to a wide range of scientific domains. JSim models may intermix ODEs, PDEs, implicit equations, integrals, summations, discrete events and procedural code as appropriate. JSim''s model compiler can automatically insert conversion factors for compatible physical units as well as detect and reject unit unbalanced equations. JSim also imports the SBML and CellML model archival formats. All JSim models are open source. Goals of the Physiome Project: - To develop and database observations of physiological phenomenon and interpret these in terms of mechanism (a fundamentally reductionist goal). - To integrate experimental information into quantitative descriptions of the functioning of humans and other organisms (modern integrative biology glued together via modeling). - To disseminate experimental data and integrative models for teaching and research. - To foster collaboration amongst investigators worldwide, to speed up the discovery of how biological systems work. - To determine the most effective targets (molecules or systems) for therapy, either pharmaceutic or genomic. - To provide information for the design of tissue-engineered, biocompatible implants.

Proper citation: NSR Physiome Project (RRID:SCR_007379) Copy   

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https://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/victr/dcc/projects/acc/index.php/Main_Page

A national consortium formed to develop, disseminate, and apply approaches to research that combine DNA biorepositories with electronic medical record (EMR) systems for large-scale, high-throughput genetic research. The consortium is composed of seven member sites exploring the ability and feasibility of using EMR systems to investigate gene-disease relationships. Themes of bioinformatics, genomic medicine, privacy and community engagement are of particular relevance to eMERGE. The consortium uses data from the EMR clinical systems that represent actual health care events and focuses on ethical issues such as privacy, confidentiality, and interactions with the broader community.

Proper citation: eMERGE Network: electronic Medical Records and Genomics (RRID:SCR_007428) Copy   

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http://www.aneurist.org/

Project focused on cerebral aneurysms and provides integrated decision support system to assess risk of aneurysm rupture in patients and to optimize their treatments. IT infrastructure has been developeded for management and processing of vast amount of heterogeneous data acquired during diagnosis.

Proper citation: aneurIST (RRID:SCR_007427) Copy   

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http://human.brain-map.org/static/brainexplorer

Multi modal atlas of human brain that integrates anatomic and genomic information, coupled with suite of visualization and mining tools to create open public resource for brain researchers and other scientists. Data include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), histology and gene expression data derived from both microarray and in situ hybridization (ISH) approaches. Brain Explorer 2 is desktop software application for viewing human brain anatomy and gene expression data in 3D.

Proper citation: Allen Human Brain Atlas (RRID:SCR_007416) Copy   

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http://brainandsociety.org/the-brain-observatory

Formerly a topical portal studying the brain which collected and imaged 1000 human brains, the Brain Observatory has partnered with the Institute for Brain and Society to build virtual laboratories that will feed directly into the database of images and knowledge created in the context of the Human Brain Library. The Brain Observatory will also host exhibits, conferences, and events aimed at promoting a heightened awareness of brain research and how its results can benefit personal brain fitness and mental health.

Proper citation: Brain Observatory (RRID:SCR_010641) Copy   

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http://bcb.cs.tufts.edu/dflat/

We are an interdisciplinary team dedicated to annotating gene function related to human fetal development. We are contributing new functional annotation to the Gene Ontology, curating and mining gene sets suitable for the interpretation of developmental genomic data, and creating the computational tools needed to apply genomics for better understanding the molecular mechanisms of human development. Our GO annotation is in the process of being incorporated into the GOA public release. The GONE (Gene Ontology Non-Eligible) database is where we store annotations relevant to our research but that don''t quite meet GOA''s standards. Usually an annotation falls into this category because either the gene/protein described is a family of genes/proteins rather than a specific one, there is no UniProt ID to identify the gene/protein in the system, a GO term does not yet exist to describe the particular function, process, or location of the gene/protein, the species is not clearly identifiable in the paper, or the evidence is not as reliable (GO evidence codes TAS and NAS). As individual annotations these are more suspect than current GO annotation. However, for functional analysis of expression data, these gene sets can be valuable even with a certain amount of noise. We also include here a link to the supplementary data from our forthcoming PSB 2011 paper on gene set mining.

Proper citation: DFLAT (RRID:SCR_010738) Copy   

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http://www.talairach.org/

Software automated coordinate based system to retrieve brain labels from the 1988 Talairach Atlas. Talairach Daemon database contains anatomical names for brain areas using x-y-z coordinates defined by the 1988 Talairach Atlas.

Proper citation: Talairach Daemon (RRID:SCR_000448) Copy   

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http://www.pbtc.org/

The PEDIATRIC BRAIN TUMOR CONSORTIUM (PBTC) is a multidisciplinary cooperative research organization devoted to the study of correlative tumor biology and new therapies for primary CNS tumors of childhood. PBTC's mission is to contribute rapidly and effectively to the understanding and cure of these tumors through the conduct of multi-center, multidisciplinary, innovative studies with designs and analyses based on uniformly high quality statistical science. While the primary mission of the PBTC is to identify through laboratory and clinical science superior treatment strategies for children with brain cancers, the PBTC investigators recognize their profound responsibility to meet the special needs of the children and families as they face this enormous challenge. Members are committed to working within their institutions and communities to improve support services and follow up care for these patients and their families. The PBTC's primary objective is to rapidly conduct novel phase I and II clinical evaluations of new therapeutic drugs, new biological therapies, treatment delivery technologies and radiation treatment strategies in children from infancy to 21 years of age with primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. A second objective is to characterize reliable markers and predictors (direct or surrogate) of brain tumors' responses to new therapies. The Consortium conducts research on brain tumor specimens in the laboratory to further understand the biology of pediatric brain tumors. A third objective is to develop and coordinate innovative neuro-imaging techniques. Through the PBTC's Neuro-Imaging Center, formed in May 2000, research to evaluate new treatment response criteria and neuro-imaging methods to understand regional brain effects is in progress. These imaging techniques can also advance understanding of significant neuro-toxicity in a developing child's central nervous system. The Neuro-Imaging Center is supported in part by private sources - grants from foundations and non-profit organizations - in addition to the NCI. As an NCI funded Consortium, the Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium (PBTC) is required to make research data available to other investigators for use in research projects. An investigator who wishes to use individual patient data from one or more of the Consortium's completed and published studies must submit in writing a description of the research project, the PBTC studies from which data are requested, the specific data requested, and a list of investigators involved with the project and their affiliated research institutions. A copy of the requesting investigator's CV must also be provided. Participating Institutions: Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Children's National Medical Center (Washington, DC), Children's Memorial Hospital (Chicago), Duke University, National Cancer Institute, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Texas Children's Cancer Center, University of California at San Francisco, and University of Pittsburgh.

Proper citation: Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium (RRID:SCR_000658) Copy   

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http://cvrl.ioo.ucl.ac.uk/index.htm

The Colour & Vision Research laboratory and database are based at the Institute of Ophthalmology, which is part of University College London. The Institute and CVRL are both closely associated with Moorfields Eye Hospital. The Institute is next door to Moorfields Eye Hospital near Old Street tube station (see directions). At the Colour & Vision Research laboratory, we investigate normal and clinical human visual perception. Our research focuses on questions about colour perception, light and dark adaptation, night-time vision, and the temporal and spatial properties of vision. Our primary goal is to understand the nature of the mechanisms that underlie visual perception, and to understand how those mechanism malfunction in clinical cases. More details about our research can be found by looking at the publications of members of the laboratory. The CVRL database, first set up in 1995, provides an annotated library of downloadable standard data sets relevant to colour and vision research. The focus of this site is primarily scientific and technical, but some introductory background information is also provided. A consistent set of functions for modeling colour vision based on the Stockman & Sharpe cone fundamentals and on our more recent luminous efficiency measurements are summarized under the category CVRL functions. These functions are tabulated in 0.1, 1 and 5 nm steps and can be returned as csv, xml, or tabular data or as dynamic plots. The Stockman & Sharpe cone fundamentals are the basis of a CIE proposal for physiologically-relevant colour matching functions. These functions, which are indentical to the CVRL functions, are summarized under the category CIE 2007 functions. The CIE functions are also tabulated in 0.1, 1 and 5 nm steps, and can also be returned as csv, xml, or tabular data or as dynamic plots. Significant additions to the database are the individual colour matching measurements made by Stiles & Burch. These have been compiled and cross-checked with the help of Boris Oicherman, Alexander Logvinenko, and Abhijit Sarkar from hard copies of the original data provided by Pat Trezona and Mike Webster. They can be obtained as Excel files and are available for both 2 and 10 colour matches. Other data sets, which are provided as csv files, include cone fundamentals, colour matching functions, chromaticity coordinates, prereceptoral filter density spectra, photopigment spectra, and CIE standards. Many of these data sets can also be viewed as dynamic plots. Sponsors: CVRL is funded by BBSRC The Wellcome Trust, Fight for Sight, National Eye Institute, and NIH.

Proper citation: Colour and Vision Research Laboratory (RRID:SCR_000770) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry