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http://www.biodas.org

The Distributed Annotation System (DAS) defines a communication protocol used to exchange annotations on genomic or protein sequences. It is motivated by the idea that such annotations should not be provided by single centralized databases, but should instead be spread over multiple sites. Data distribution, performed by DAS servers, is separated from visualization, which is done by DAS clients. The advantages of this system are that control over the data is retained by data providers, data is freed from the constraints of specific organisations and the normal issues of release cycles, API updates and data duplication are avoided. DAS is a client-server system in which a single client integrates information from multiple servers. It allows a single machine to gather up sequence annotation information from multiple distant web sites, collate the information, and display it to the user in a single view. Little coordination is needed among the various information providers. DAS is heavily used in the genome bioinformatics community. Over the last years we have also seen growing acceptance in the protein sequence and structure communities. A DAS-enabled website or application can aggregate complex and high-volume data from external providers in an efficient manner. For the biologist, this means the ability to plug in the latest data, possibly including a user''s own data. For the application developer, this means protection from data format changes and the ability to add new data with minimal development cost. Here are some examples of DAS-enabled applications or websites for end users: :- Dalliance Experimental Web/Javascript based Genome Viewer :- IGV Integrative Genome Viewer java based browser for many genomes :- Ensembl uses DAS to pull in genomic, gene and protein annotations. It also provides data via DAS. :- Gbrowse is a generic genome browser, and is both a consumer and provider of DAS. :- IGB is a desktop application for viewing genomic data. :- SPICE is an application for projecting protein annotations onto 3D structures. :- Dasty2 is a web-based viewer for protein annotations :- Jalview is a multiple alignment editor. :- PeppeR is a graphical viewer for 3D electron microscopy data. :- DASMI is an integration portal for protein interaction data. :- DASher is a Java-based viewer for protein annotations. :- EpiC presents structure-function summaries for antibody design. :- STRAP is a STRucture-based sequence Alignment Program. Hundreds of DAS servers are currently running worldwide, including those provided by the European Bioinformatics Institute, Ensembl, the Sanger Institute, UCSC, WormBase, FlyBase, TIGR, and UniProt. For a listing of all available DAS sources please visit the DasRegistry. Sponsors: The initial ideas for DAS were developed in conversations with LaDeana Hillier of the Washington University Genome Sequencing Center.

Proper citation: Distributed Annotation System (RRID:SCR_008427) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://bioinf.uni-greifswald.de/augustus/

Software for gene prediction in eukaryotic genomic sequences. Serves as a basis for further steps in the analysis of sequenced and assembled eukaryotic genomes.

Proper citation: Augustus (RRID:SCR_008417) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.pdbj.org/

PDBj (Protein Data Bank Japan) maintains a centralized PDB archive of macromolecular structures and provides integrated tools, in collaboration with the RCSB, the BMRB in USA and the PDBe in EU.

Proper citation: PDBj - Protein Data Bank Japan (RRID:SCR_008912) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://meme.nbcr.net/meme/cgi-bin/gomo.cgi

Gene Ontology for Motifs (GOMO) is an alignment- and threshold-free comparative genomics approach for assigning functional roles to DNA regulatory motifs from DNA sequence. The algorithm detects associations between a user-specified DNA regulatory motif (expressed as a position weight matrix; PWM) and Gene Ontology terms. The original method for predicting the roles of transcription factors (TFs starts with a PWM motif describing the DNA-binding affinity of the TF. GOMO uses the PWM to score the promoter region of each gene in the genome for its likelihood to be bound by the TF. The resulting ''''affinity'''' scores are then used to test each term in the Gene Ontology for association with high-scoring genes. The algorithm was subsequently extended to leverage conserved signals using multiple, related species in a comparative approach, which greatly improves the resulting annotations. Platform: Online tool, Windows compatible, Mac OS X compatible, Linux compatible, Unix compatible

Proper citation: GOMO - Gene Ontology for Motifs (RRID:SCR_008864) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://heimanlab.com/cut2.html

Software tool to find restriction endonucleases. Helps restriction map nucleotide sequences. Tool with customizable interface, platform independent accessibility, interfaces to NCBI's GenBank, DNA sequence database, and NEB's REBase, and restriction enzyme database. In addition to restriction site mapping, Webcutter 2 also performs degenerate digests, including option of finding restriction sites that can be introduced into sequence by silent mutagenesis.

Proper citation: Webcutter (RRID:SCR_017638) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://refgenie.databio.org

Software tool to organize, retrieve, and share genome analysis resources. Reference genome assembly asset manager. In addition to genome indexes, can manage any files related to reference genomes, including sequences and annotation files. Includes command line interface and server application that provides RESTful API, so it is useful for both tool development and analysis.

Proper citation: refgenie (RRID:SCR_017574) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://github.com/santeripuranen/SuperDCA

Software tool for global direct coupling analysis of input genome alignments. Implements variant of pseudolikelihood maximization direct coupling analysis, with emphasis on optimizations that enable its use on genome scale. May be used to discover co evolving pairs of loci.Used for genome wide epistasis analysis.

Proper citation: SuperDCA (RRID:SCR_018175) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://crispr.dbcls.jp/

Software for designing CRISPR/Cas guide RNA with reduced off target sites. Used for rational design of CRISPR/Cas target. Web server for selecting rational CRISPR/Cas targets from input sequence. Server currently incorporates genomic sequences of human, mouse, rat, marmoset, pig, chicken, frog, zebrafish, Ciona, fruit fly, silkworm, Caenorhabditis elegans, Arabidopsis, rice, Sorghum and budding yeast.

Proper citation: CRISPRdirect (RRID:SCR_018186) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://metacpan.org/pod/Bio::CUA

Software tool as flexible and comprehensive codon usage analyzer. Used to analyze codon usage bias (CUB) and relevant problems.

Proper citation: Codon Usage Analyzer (RRID:SCR_018500) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.bx.psu.edu/miller_lab/dist/README.lastz-1.02.00/README.lastz-1.02.00a.html#install

Software package for sequence alignment. Pairwise aligner for aligning DNA sequences. Designed to handle sequences size of human chromosomes and from different species. Useful for sequences produced by NGS sequencing technologies.

Proper citation: LASTZ (RRID:SCR_018556) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/BepiPred/index.php

Sequential B-Cell Epitope Predictor. Web server predicts B-cell epitopes from protein sequence. Sequence-based B-cell epitope prediction using conformational epitopes. Sequences of protein of interest should be in fasta format. BepiPred 2.0 is available as stand alone software package, with same functionality as web service., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.

Proper citation: BepiPred-2.0 (RRID:SCR_018499) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://faculty.ucr.edu/~mmaduro/random.htm

Web application to generate random DNA sequences.

Proper citation: Random DNA Sequence Generator (RRID:SCR_018768) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.ccb.jhu.edu/software/centrifuge/

Software for rapid and sensitive classification of metagenomic sequences. Used for the classification of DNA sequences from microbial samples and analysis of large metagenomics data sets on conventional desktop computers.

Proper citation: Centrifuge Classifier (RRID:SCR_016665) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://pave.niaid.nih.gov

Collection of curated papillomavirus genomic sequences, accompanied by web-based sequence analysis tools. Database and web applications support the storage, annotation, analysis, and exchange of information.

Proper citation: PaVE (RRID:SCR_016599) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Web/Newsltr/Spring04/blastlab.html

Software tool as a program within the standalone BLAST package used to cluster either protein or nucleotide sequences. Used to make non redundant sequence sets.

Proper citation: BLASTClust (RRID:SCR_016641) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/genotyping/formpage.cgi

Web tool to identify the genotype of a viral sequence. A window is slid along the query sequence and each window is compared by BLAST to each of the reference sequences for a particular virus.

Proper citation: Genotyping (RRID:SCR_016645) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/orffinder

Software tool to search for open reading frames (ORFs) in the DNA sequence. The program returns the range of each ORF, along with its protein translation. Used to search newly sequenced DNA for potential protein encoding segments, verify predicted protein. Limited to the subrange of the query sequence up to 50 kb long.

Proper citation: Open Reading Frame Finder (RRID:SCR_016643) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://github.com/iychoi/libra

Hadoop based tool for massive comparative metagenomics analysis. Compute the similarity between metagenomic samples.

Proper citation: Libra (RRID:SCR_016608) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://niaid.github.io/dcas/

Web tool to import raw cDNA sequences, clean sequences, build sequence contigs, perform SignalP analysis, BLAST contigs against numerous BLAST databases, and view the results. Automates large scale cDNA sequence analysis., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.

Proper citation: dCAS (RRID:SCR_016612) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://github.com/TGAC/KAT

Software that generates, analyses and compares k-mer spectra produced from sequence files. Used to quality control NGS datasets and genome assemblies.

Proper citation: KAT (RRID:SCR_016741) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry