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Over the last decades, researchers have characterized a set of "clock genes" that drive daily rhythms in physiology and behavior. This arduous work has yielded results with far-reaching consequences in metabolic, psychiatric, and neoplastic disorders. Recent attempts to expand our understanding of circadian regulation have moved beyond the mutagenesis screens that identified the first clock components, employing higher throughput genomic and proteomic techniques. In order to further accelerate clock gene discovery, we utilized a computer-assisted approach to identify and prioritize candidate clock components. We used a simple form of probabilistic machine learning to integrate biologically relevant, genome-scale data and ranked genes on their similarity to known clock components. We then used a secondary experimental screen to characterize the top candidates. We found that several physically interact with known clock components in a mammalian two-hybrid screen and modulate in vitro cellular rhythms in an immortalized mouse fibroblast line (NIH 3T3). One candidate, Gene Model 129, interacts with BMAL1 and functionally represses the key driver of molecular rhythms, the BMAL1/CLOCK transcriptional complex. Given these results, we have renamed the gene CHRONO (computationally highlighted repressor of the network oscillator). Bi-molecular fluorescence complementation and co-immunoprecipitation demonstrate that CHRONO represses by abrogating the binding of BMAL1 to its transcriptional co-activator CBP. Most importantly, CHRONO knockout mice display a prolonged free-running circadian period similar to, or more drastic than, six other clock components. We conclude that CHRONO is a functional clock component providing a new layer of control on circadian molecular dynamics.
Pubmed ID: 24737000
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View all literature mentionsRepository of mouse vectors, ES cells, mice, embryos, and sperm generated by NIH KOMP Mutagenesis Project. In addition, KOMP Repository offers services in support of KOMP products, including ES cell microinjection, vector cloning, post-insertional modification of cloned ES cells, cryopreservation, assisted reproduction techniques (IVF, ICSI) and mouse breeding, pathology services, phenotyping services, etc. KOMP Repository is final component of more than $50 million trans-NIH initiative to increase availability of genetically altered mice and related materials. The University of California, Davis (UC Davis) and Children''s Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI) in Oakland, Calif., are collaborating to preserve, protect, and make available about 8,500 types of knockout mice and related products available to research community. Products are generated by two KOMP mutagenesis teams (CSD consortium and Regeneron Inc). All KOMP products generated by CSD consortium and Regeneron are available through KOMP Repository. Notice as of December 19, 2019: Materials from KOMP Repository have been deposited into MMRRC, including all mouse models and mouse embryonic stem cell lines. Eventually www.komp.org will be sunsetting, and IMSR will remove KOMP Repository listings, since they were double listed in MMRRC. MMRRC will contain the most accurate and up to date resource models.
View all literature mentionsCenter that produces knockout mice and carries out high-throughput phenotyping of each line in order to determine function of every gene in mouse genome. These mice will be preserved in repositories and made available to scientific community representing valuable resource for basic scientific research as well as generating new models for human diseases.
View all literature mentionsCell line NIH 3T3 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
View all literature mentionsCell line U2OS is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293T is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.
View all literature mentions