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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. Th2 lymphocytes synthesize IL-19 and acts on resident vascular cells in addition to immune cells. It is an anti-inflammatory molecule. It promotes immune responses mediated by regulatory lymphocytes and has substantial activity on microvascular.[1]Reference1. Justiz Vaillant AA, Qurie A. Interleukin. In:StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; June 12, 2019.

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-19 in human serum.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj3jkqkn Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Suzette E Curtello
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: The United States veterinarian Daniel E Salmon discovered the genus Salmonella. Salmonella is non-spore forming and it may survive without oxygen. This bacterial strain is mainly associated with animals. Salmonella is ubiquitous and may be asymptomatic which has generated great health concern.This bacterium is associated with life threatening diseases among human and animals.Gastroenteritis is one such disease which may resolve itself within five days in healthy individuals.Immuno compromised individuals and the young are at great risk as this may progress to secondary systemic complication.Salmonella serotype exceeds two thousand which may be differentiated from each other by the International Kauffmann-white Scheme Serotyping Manual.Surface antigens produced by salmonellae are used in the determination of isolated strain.Determination of the “O” antigen group associated with the carbohydrate constituent of the lipopolysaccharide membrane of the bacterium precede the identification of the protein “H” antigen which is linked to the tail like flagella of the bacterium.The two existing phases of Salmonellamay be referred to as specific and nonspecific which function as motile and non motile phases.The existing phase of Salmonellawill determine the “H” antigens that are produced.An additional “Vi” antigen is associated with virulent encapsulated strains of Salmonella Typhi.

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Suzette E Curtello 2020. Salmonella purification. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjjekkje Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Summary: A protein that combines the binding capacity of SpA and SpG is not comercially available. It can be easy created in the laboratory by combining these two immunoglobulin-binding proteins to horseradish peroxidase by the periodate method [1]. However, a mixture of SpA and SpG could have the same effect as universal reagent in immunodetection. 1. Vaillant AJ, McFarlane-Andersonv N, Wisdom B, Mohammed W, Vuma S, et al. (2013) Immunoglobulin-binding Bacterial Proteins (IBP) Conjugates and their Reactivity with Immunoglobulin in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). J Anal Bioanal Tech 4: 175. doi:10.4172/2155-9872.1000175

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Universal Immunoblot analysis for investigating Protein-AG (SpAG)-binding to avian and mammalian immunoglobulins.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjseknbe Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Immunoblot analyses for investigating SpLG-binding to purified mammalian and avian immunoglobulins.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjrukm6w Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. Regulatory T-cells synthesize IL-28, which acts on keratinocytes and melanocytes. It stimulates cell presentation of viral antigens to CD8+T lymphocytes. IL-28 also upregulates TLR-2 and TLR-3 expression. IL-28 enhances the keratinocyte capacity to recognize pathogens in the healthy skin. [1]Reference1. Justiz Vaillant AA, Qurie A. Interleukin. In:StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; June 12, 2019.

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-28 in human serum.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj3xkqpn Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Determination of C3 concentration by the Mancini test.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj94kr8w Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Summary: Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion. They also have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary function of interleukins is, therefore, to modulate growth, differentiation, and activation during inflammatory and immune responses. Interleukins consist of a large group of proteins that can elicit many reactions in cells and tissues by binding to high-affinity receptors in cell surfaces. [1]The immunoregulatory cytokine IL-41 (also known as meteorin-like protein) is expressed at high levels in the synovium of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).[2]Reference1. Justiz Vaillant AA, Qurie A. Interleukin. In:StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; June 12, 2019.2.Onuora S. Novel cytokine, IL-41, linked with PsA.Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2019;15(11):636. doi:10.1038/s41584-019-0314-7

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. ELISA for quantification of IL-11 in human serum.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bkbsksne Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: This ELISA was based on the theory that antibodies present in different samples would compete with human IgG for binding to SpL, resulting in inhibition of human IgG-SpL interactions [1].Reference:1. Justiz-Vaillant AA, Akpaka PE, McFarlane-Anderson N, Smikle MF. Comparison of techniques of detecting immunoglobulin-binding protein reactivity to immunoglobulin produced by different avian and mammalian species.West Indian Med J. 2013;62(1):12-20.

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for investigating SpL binding to mammalian and avian immunoglobulins. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjqckmsw Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Universal Sandwich ELISA for investigating the binding of Protein-LAG (SpLAG) to avian immunoglobulins using anti-IgY-peroxidase as conjugate.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjq5kmy6 Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Peroxidase labeled anti-human IgG is a conjugated secondary antibody that can be used to detect specific antibodies against millions of antigens in humans. This reagent is usually used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblot analysis and dot blot [1,2]. Reference1. Stubenrauch K, Wessels U, Essig U, Kowalewsky F, Vogel R, Heinrich J. Characterization of murine anti-human Fab antibodies for use in an immunoassay for generic quantification of human Fab fragments in non-human serum samples including cynomolgus monkey samples.J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2013;72:208-215. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2012.08.0232.Justiz Vaillant AA, McFarlane-Anderson N, Akpaka PE, Smikle MP, Ramirez N, et al. (2013) Use of Dot Blots Analysis in the Separation of Anti-HIV Antibodies in Animals. J Chromat Separation Techniq 4: 181. doi:10.4172/2157- 7064.1000181

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Protocol of preparation of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) conjugated to anti-human IgG to be used as secondary antibody in immunoassays. . protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjmxkk7n Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme 2020. Copy of Copy of Copy of ELISA for quantification of human C9 in serum or plasma.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj78krrw Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Monica F. Smikle
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Monica F. Smikle 2020. Universal sandwich ELISA for investigating the binding of avian immunoglobulins to Streptococcal protein-G (SpG) using anti-IgY-peroxidase conjugate. . protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjqvkmw6 Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant, Belkis Ferrer-Cosme 2020. ELISA for quantification of CXC motif chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2) in human serum or plasma.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bj7dkri6 Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: Carbon
Summary: This ELISA was used to study the interactions between protein-LAG (PLAG) and staphylococcal protein-A (SpA) with different immunoglobulin preparations of mammalian and avian species.

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2021. Chimeric Protein-LAG and Staphylococcal Protein A sandwich ELISA. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.btbbniin Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. An easy chromatographic method for purification of Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) using HiTrap™ Columns.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bju7knzn Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Summary: This reagent can be used in ELISA, Western blotting and Dot blot to detect antigens and antibodies. It is important in the immunodiagnosis of infectious diseases and other problems. I find this useful in the detection of anti-HIV antibodies by ELISA.

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Preparation of staphylococcal protein-A conjugated to horseradish peroxidate by the periodate method.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjg8kjzw Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: Carbon
Summary: This ELISA is used to study the interactions between protein-LG (SpLG) and protein-LAG (PLAG) with different immunoglobulin preparations from mammals and avian species.

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2021. Chimeric Protein-LG and Protein-LAG sandwich ELISA. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bta8nihw Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for investigating the immunoglobulin-binding bacterial protein (IBBP) to avian egg yolk antibodies.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjnzkmf6 Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant
Group: University of the West Indies, [email protected]
Summary: Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is a cooper-containing protein comprising of subunits with MW of 400 kDa. This protein is found in the hemolymph of the sea mollusk Megathura crenulata. It has the ability to enhance the host’s immune response by interacting with monocytes, T cells and macrophages. KLH has been used primarily as a carrier for vaccines and antigens [1]. It was found that chicken immunized with KLH bound peptide raised an anti-KLH immunoresponse [2]. This can be tested by a single method such as the Ouchterlony technique.Reference1. Aarntzen EH, de Vries IJ, Göertz JH, et al. Humoral anti-KLH responses in cancer patients treated with dendritic cell-based immunotherapy are dictated by different vaccination parameters.Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2012;61(11):2003-2011. doi:10.1007/s00262-012-1263-z2. Justiz Vaillant AA, Anderson MF, Smikle M, Wisdom B, Mohammed W, et al. (2013) Development of Anti HIV Gp120 and HIV Gp41 Peptide Vaccines. J Vaccines Vaccin 4: 206. doi: 10.4172/2157-7560.1000206

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. Detection of anti- SpA antibodies in egg white tested by double immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony) technique.. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bjsrknd6 Copy   

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Authors: Angel Justiz-Vaillant

Proper citation: Angel Justiz-Vaillant 2020. An easy chromatographic method for purification of Immunoglobulin Y (IgY).. protocols.io https://dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bju2knye Copy   

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