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Authors: Brett Hanzlicek, Ben Abelson, Margot Damaser, Dennis Bourbeau
Group: SPARC
Summary: This protocol for cat surgery to expose the badder for inactive device insertion.

Proper citation: Brett Hanzlicek, Ben Abelson, Margot Damaser, Dennis Bourbeau 2021. SPARC Cat acute UroMOCA implantation surgery. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bf2pjqdn Copy   

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Authors: Zhigang Zhao

Proper citation: Zhigang Zhao 2018. Dorsal penile nerve block versus eutectic mixture of local anesthetics cream of pain relief for circumcision: A meta-analysis. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.r6vd9e6 Copy   

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Authors: Lucia Maria Costa Monteiro, Glaura N. O. Cruz, Juliana M. Fontes, Marcia C.B. Boechat
Summary: Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is associated with microcephaly and other malformations of the central nervous system. We identified that some of areas damaged by CZS are also known to influence the neural circuitry controlling the lower urinary tract (1). And decided to investigate neurogenic bladder, in an attempt to identify risk factors and therapeutic modalities that could mitigate the impact of the CZS in infected children.A research protocol was developed based on our experience treating neurogenic bladder in children. And, after ethical approval, tested during urological assessment in patients with confirmed microcephaly due to CZS who were referred to our pediatric urodynamics clinic between June 2016 and May 2017. The protocol consisted of obtaining clinical history, laboratory tests, renal and bladder ultrasound and a urodynamic evaluation. ZIKA virus was previously confirmed by maternal history and positive RT-PCR in babies/mothers. Microcephaly and other central nervous system abnormalities were established based on neurological and image evaluation (CT and/or MRI).The results were submitted for publication and we are waiting the editor’s decision. Neurogenic bladder was confirmed so far in 100% of patients tested, with high-risk urodynamic patterns that may cause renal damage if left untreated. This is a preventable health condition in the setting of Congenital Zika Syndrome. While further investigation is necessary to understand long-term disease behavior, bladder proactive management is paramount to help mitigate disease burden for patients and their families.

Proper citation: Lucia Maria Costa Monteiro, Glaura N. O. Cruz, Juliana M. Fontes, Marcia C.B. Boechat 2018. Criteria to evaluate neurogenic bladder in patients with Congenital Zika Syndrome. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.k5vcy66 Copy   

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Authors: Wakana Shoda, Naohiro Nomura, Fumiaki Ando, Hideaki Tagashira, Takahiro Iwamoto, Akihito Ohta, Kiyosih Isobe, Takayasu Mori, Koichiro Susa, Eisei Sohara, Tatemitsu Rai, Shinichi Uchida
Summary: This protocol was used for the experiment conducted in " Sodium-calcium exchanger 1 is the key molecule for urinary potassium excretion against acute hyperkalemia"

Proper citation: Wakana Shoda, Naohiro Nomura, Fumiaki Ando, Hideaki Tagashira, Takahiro Iwamoto, Akihito Ohta, Kiyosih Isobe, Takayasu Mori, Koichiro Susa, Eisei Sohara, Tatemitsu Rai, Shinichi Uchida 2019. intracellular calcium assay . protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.baihicb6 Copy   

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Authors: Wakana Shoda, Naohiro Nomura, Fumiaki Ando, Hideaki Tagashira, Takahiro Iwamoto, Akihito Ohta, Kiyoshi Isobe, Takayasu Mori, Koichiro Susa, Eisei Sohara, Tatemitsu Rai, Shinichi Uchida
Summary: This protocol was used in a manuscript "Sodium-calcium exchanger 1 is the key molecule for urinary potassium excretion against hyperkalemia.

Proper citation: Wakana Shoda, Naohiro Nomura, Fumiaki Ando, Hideaki Tagashira, Takahiro Iwamoto, Akihito Ohta, Kiyoshi Isobe, Takayasu Mori, Koichiro Susa, Eisei Sohara, Tatemitsu Rai, Shinichi Uchida 2019. Ex vivo mouse kidney slice experiment . protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.baf9ibr6 Copy   

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Authors: Max Novelli
Group: SPARC
Summary: Protocol for dataset “RNEL Bladder January 2019”Lower urinary track nerve responses to high-density epidural spinal cord stimulation ( RNEL January 2019 )

Proper citation: Max Novelli 2021. SPARC RNEL Bladder January 2019 protocol. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.xszfnf6 Copy   

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Authors: Janet Keast, Peregrine Osborne
Group: SPARC
Summary: This collection describes the procedures required to visualise and characterize synaptic boutons associated with functionally classified pelvic ganglion autonomic neurons of adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. This collection includes protocols for:STAGE 1: Surgery to micro-inject fluorescent retrograde tracer dyes into one or more sites within the lower urinary tractSTAGE 2: Intracardiac perfusion with fixative to preserve neural tissues of interestSTAGE 3: Immunohistochemical labeling of thick cryosections of pelvic gangliaSTAGE 4: Confocal microscopy and image analysis of synaptic boutons associated with ganglion neurons.

Proper citation: Janet Keast, Peregrine Osborne 2020. Light microscopic analysis of synaptic input to neurons in the rat major pelvic ganglion [keast-003]. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bakiicue Copy   

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Authors: Firouz Daneshgari
Group: Diabetic Complications Consortium
Summary: Cystometry is a test of bladder function in which pressure and volume of fluid in the bladder is measured during filling, storage, and voiding. A cystometry study is performed to diagnose problems with urination, including incontinence and urinary retention.This test should be done on the mice two days after SPT Implantation.Diabetic Complication:Reference 1. Cannon TW, Damaser MS: Effects of anesthesia on cystometry and leak point pressure of the female rat. Life Sci 69:1193-1202, 2001

Proper citation: Firouz Daneshgari 2019. Conscious Cystometry Bladder Function Testing. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.3fegjje Copy   

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Authors: Thais Salles, Eduardo Alexandrino Medeiros
Summary: Objectives: To identify factors associated with hospital admission and mortality within the first 30 days after enrolment in an outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) program, also analysing adequacy of the treatment regimen and clinical outcomes.Patients and methods: This was a retrospective cohort study conducted between October 2016 and June 2017 in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Variables related to hospital admission and mortality were subjected to bivariate analysis, and those with a PResults: We evaluated 276 patients, of whom 80.5% were ≥60 years of age and 69.9% had more than one comorbidity. Of the patients evaluated, 41.3% had pneumonia and 35.1% had a urinary tract infection. The most common etiological agent, isolated in 18 (31.6%) cases, was Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 13 (72,2%) strains were carbapenem resistant. The OPAT was in accordance with the culture results in 76.6% of the cases and with the institutional protocols in 76.4%. The majority (64.5%) of the patients were not admitted, and a cure or clinical improvement was achieved in 78.6%. Multivariate analysis showed that, within the first 30 days after enrolment, the absence of a physician office visit was a predictor of hospital admission (PP=0.006).Conclusions: This study demonstrated the viability of OPAT in elderly patients with pulmonary or urinary tract infections in an area with a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and that a post-discharge physician office visit is protective against hospital admission and mortality.

Proper citation: Thais Salles, Eduardo Alexandrino Medeiros 2020. OPAT in an area with a high prevalence of MDR bacteria. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bmuyk6xw Copy   

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Authors: Stephen M. Griffey
Group: Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Centers
Summary: Summary: Gross necropsy with documentation of changes present. Collection and histologic processing (paraffin blocks/H&E slides) and interpretation of kidneys, liver, spleen, pancreas, heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea, thymus, mesenteric lymph nodes, GI Tract, cerebrum, cerebellum, urinary bladder, and reproductive tract and additional tissues with gross changes. This includes photodocumentation of significant findings. This assay can be customized to include other target organs based on findings from other MMPC assays. This procedure is to be followed by trained Comparative Pathology Laboratory (CPL) staff responsible for performing necrospy diagnostics procedures at CPL.

Proper citation: Stephen M. Griffey 2019. UC Davis - Mouse Gross Necropsy with Histology. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.yusfwwe Copy   

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Authors: Kathi Burke, Peter Reifsnyder
Group: Diabetic Complications Consortium
Summary: Albuwell M is an indirect competitive ELISA designed to monitor kidney function in the mouse by measurement of urinary albumin. To complete the assay, sample and rabbit anti-murine albumin antibody are added to albumin coated wells. The antibody interacts and binds with the albumin immobilized to the stationary phase or with albumin in the fluid phase, hence the notion of competitive binding. A subsequent reaction with anti-rabbit -HRP conjugate labels the probe with enzyme. After washing, only the antibody-conjugate bound to the stationary phase remains in the well, and this is detected using a chromogenic reaction. Color intensity is inversely proportional to the logarithm of albumin in the fluid phase. The assay may be completed in less than 2.5 hoursDiabetic Complication:

Proper citation: Kathi Burke, Peter Reifsnyder 2019. Protocol for Albuwell M kit: Murine Microalbuminuria ELISA By Exocell Inc. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.34mgqu6 Copy   

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Authors: Jing Xu
Summary: Among the Chinese adults with diabetes, the proportion of overweight is 41.0%, the proportion of obesity is 24.3%, and the proportion of abdominal obesity is as high as 45.4% in 2008, which shows an increasing trend in recent years. Clinical studies have demonstrated that Asian people have higher levels of visceral fat than European and American populations. Obesity, especially abdominal obesity is closely associated with Diabetic Nephropathy (DN). exenatide improves glycemic control and reduces body weight in patients with T2DM. In animal studies, exenatide can ameliorate albuminuria and improve kidney function. However, only a few studies evaluate the microalbuminuria in human. This study aims to investigate the effect of exenatide on urinary albumin, obese indices and glucose control in overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Proper citation: Jing Xu 2020. A randomized clinical trial of exenatide onT2D. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bgsyjwfw Copy   

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Authors: Ioannis Bellos
Summary: The administration of intravenous iron has been recently linked to increased risk of hypophosphatemia, as it induces the release of fibroblast growth factor-23, leading to increased urinary excretion of phosphate and reduced serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentration. Severe hypophosphatemia represents a potentially serious complication since it may be associated with increased rates of heart and respiratory failure and rhabdomyolysis, as well as with chronic manifestations, especially osteomalacia. Nonetheless, it remains unclear which iron preparation is linked to higher rates of hypophosphatemia. As a result, the present network meta-analysis aims to accumulate current literature knowledge in the field in order to simultaneously compare the effects of different intravenous iron preparations (ferric carboxymaltose, ferumoxytol, iron isomaltoside, iron sucrose and iron dextran) on serum phosphate, by taking into account both direct and indiret evidence.

Proper citation: Ioannis Bellos 2020. Comparative risk of hypophosphatemia following the administration of intravenous iron preparations: a network meta-analysis. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bebyjapw Copy   

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Authors: Peter Havel
Group: Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping Centers
Summary: Summary: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a ubiquitous, toxic, metabolic by-product of aerobic respiration, oxidative stress, and oxidative injury. Cayman's Hydrogen Peroxide Assay Kit utilizes the well established xylenol orange detection method of quantifying the oxidation of ferrous ions (Fe2+) to ferric ions (Fe3+) by hydrogen peroxide. A unique feature of Cayman's assay is the inclusion of catalase as an H2O2 scavenger for the purpose of confirming the specificity of the reaction for H2O2. The sensitivity and the specificity of the assay make it well suited to accurately measure urinary levels H2O2 in a 96 well plate format. Each kit contains hydrogen peroxide, reagent 1, reagent 2, catalase, a 96 well plate, plate cover, and complete instructions.

Proper citation: Peter Havel 2019. UC Davis - Hydrogen Peroxide. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.ypqfvmw Copy   

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Authors: Gabriel Y. K. Ganyaglo, Nessa Ryan, Joonhee Park, A. T. Lassey
Summary: Background Vesicovaginal fistula is a debilitating condition resulting from prolonged obstructed labor. Globally, at least 2 million women are estimated to be living with fistula with about 50,000 to 100,000 new cases each year. More than 90% of the global burden of fistula is in sub-Saharan Africa and South East Asia. Traditional management of fistula requires surgical repair. However, many women either do not have access to surgery, or access to surgery is delayed. These categories of patients have few or no options to control the constant urinary leakage.  The vaginal menstrual cup is an insertable medical device approved for use in Europe and North America to collect menstrual flow. Because it collects fluid drainage from the vagina, it could also be used to control urine leakage in women with vesicovaginal fistula.  While surgical management of fistula would remain the gold standard in treatment, the menstrual cup could be an alternative for women who do not have access to surgery or are poor surgical candidates.General Aim To evaluate the menstrual cup for short-term non-surgical management of vesicovaginal fistula.Methodology This study will examine the reduction in urinary leakage for women with vesicovaginal fistula who use the cup over a 2 hour period. Fistula patients recruited after community durbars  will be invited to the hospital and offered enrollment. They will wear a sanitary pad for 2 hours and the pad will be weighed. The patients will then receive counseling on how to insert the cup in the vagina and will wear both the device and a sanitary pad for 2 hours. The second pad will also be weighed. The amount of urine leaked with and without the cup will be compared using a paired t-test. Addtionally, the women will answer a short questionnaire on the acceptability of the cup, and a physical exam will be carried out to assess safety with cup use. A purposeful sample of the patients will be recruited for in-depth interviews to share their experiences of coping with VVF and their acceptability of the menstrual cup device.Expected Outcome The knowledge gained from this study may offer alternative temporizing management options for fistulas, especially for women who fail or are awaiting surgery, women who cannot access surgery, or are poor surgical candidates.

Proper citation: Gabriel Y. K. Ganyaglo, Nessa Ryan, Joonhee Park, A. T. Lassey 2018. Feasibility and Acceptability of the Menstrual Cup for Non-Surgical Management of Vesicovaginal Fistula among Women at a Health Facility in Ghana. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.sjfecjn Copy   

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Authors: Valeria Azevedo De Almeida, Nancy Sotero, Lilian Lira Lisboa, Rafael Pauletti Gonçalves, Edgard Morya, Lucia Maria Costa Monteiro, Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior
Summary: Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) have structural alterations on cortical level which can compromise urinary and digestive systems integrity, becoming them susceptible to develop bowel and bladder dysfunctions. However, although there are already much evidence of bladder dysfunction on this population, still there are not researches that adressess specifically bowel dysfunction on children with CZS. Thus, a research protocol was developed based in our experience on neurogenic bowel treatment in children. After approval by the ethics committee the protocol was tested during bowel function assessment of microcephaly by CZS patients admitted for ambulatory follow-up on Rehabilitation Specialized Center of Anita Garibaldi Center of Education and Research in Health (CEPS) from july to december of 2019. The protocol of bowel function evaluation followed Rome IV Criteria for children and adolescents, applied through clinical anamnesis and physical examination, Bristol Stool Scale of classification based in symptoms for bowel functional disturbs and rectal ampoule ultrasound. So far, neurogenic bowel was confirmed on 90% of assessed patients. Our findings reveal new data about the subject, increasing the need of additional researches that deepen scientific knowledge abou multiple repercussions of CZS.

Proper citation: Valeria Azevedo De Almeida, Nancy Sotero, Lilian Lira Lisboa, Rafael Pauletti Gonçalves, Edgard Morya, Lucia Maria Costa Monteiro, Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior 2020. CRITERIA TO EVALUATE NEUROGENIC BOWEL IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL ZIKA SYNDROME. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bd6xi9fn Copy   

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Authors: Nobuyo Maeda, Oliver Smithies, Nobuyuki Takahashi
Group: Diabetic Complications Consortium
Summary: SummaryIt is extremely important to measure quantitative parameters (e.g. plasma glucose, urinary albumin, etc.) in a way that minimizes the effects of any adventitious variables, such as seasonal changes, dietary differences, any differences in the degrees of backcrossing, or unplanned differences in genotypes. This means that, whenever possible, mice of the critical genotypes should be obtained from genotypically identical matings carried out at or close to the same time. Archival data are not appropriate. The breeding scheme to generate the experimental animals can vary in complexity, depending on the fertility of the two genders, whether the Testgene is to be studied in homozygotes or in heterozygotes, and whether the diabetes is induced genetically or by STZ. However, it is important to remember that, when looking for the effects of the Testgene genotype on diabetic complications, the aim is to compare the Testgene mutant/mutant (or Testgene mutant/wt) diabetic animals with their diabetic litter mates that are wildtype at the Testgene locus (Testgene wt/wt). ReferenceWang, C-H, Li, F, Hiller, S, Kim, H-S, Maeda, N, Smithies, O, and Takahashi, N. A modest decrease in endothelial NOS in mice comparable to that associated with human NOS3 variants exacerbates diabetic nephropathy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108(5): 2070-2075 (2011) PMID: 21245338 PMCID: PMC3033253.Diabetic Complications:

Proper citation: Nobuyo Maeda, Oliver Smithies, Nobuyuki Takahashi 2019. Breeding Scheme and Selection of Animals for DiaComp Experiments. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.8fphtmn Copy   

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Authors: Nándor Öveges, Ildikó László, Krisztián Tánczos, Márton Németh, Gábor Lebák, Bianca-Andreea Tudor-Drobjewski, Dániel Érces, József Kaszaki, László Rudas, Wolfgang Huber, Zsolt Molnár
Summary: The current protocol is a bleeding-resuscitation model intended to imitate the effects of severe blood loss and subsequent fluid resuscitation. The experimental subjects were Vietnamese pot-bellied pigs of both sexes weighing 33±4 kg. The animals underwent a 12-hours fasting pre-operatively but had free access to water. Anesthesia was induced by intramuscular injection of a mixture of ketamine (20 mg/kg) and xylazine (2 mg/kg) and maintained with a continuous iv. infusion of Propofol (50 µL/min/kg IV; 6 mg/kg/hr), while analgesia was maintained with intermittent nalbuphine (0.1 mg/kg). After endotracheal intubation, the animals were mechanically ventilated with a Hamilton C1 respirator (Hamilton Medical AG, USA). The tidal volume was set to 10 ml/kg, and the respiratory rate was adjusted to maintain the end-tidal carbon dioxide and partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide within the range of 35–45 mmHg and the arterial pH between 7.35 and 7.45. The depth of anaesthesia was assessed by checking jaw tone. After induction of anaesthesia, catheters were inserted into the left jugular vein, left external carotid artery and the left femoral artery. For invasive hemodynamic monitoring, a transpulmonary thermodilution catheter (PiCCO, PULSION Medical Systems SE, Munich, Germany) was used. The femoral artery served as the site for arterial blood gas sampling, the central venous line was used for taking central venous blood gas samples and for the injection of cold saline boluses for the thermodilution measurements, whilst the carotid arterial catheter was used for draining blood. A transpubic catheter was placed into the urinary bladder for monitoring renal function. Animals were covered in scrubs and an external heating device was used to maintain physiological body temperature.

Proper citation: Nándor Öveges, Ildikó László, Krisztián Tánczos, Márton Németh, Gábor Lebák, Bianca-Andreea Tudor-Drobjewski, Dániel Érces, József Kaszaki, László Rudas, Wolfgang Huber, Zsolt Molnár 2018. Observation of blood pressure guided fluid therapy in a bleeding-resuscitation animal experiment. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.mrac52e Copy   

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Authors: Valeria Azevedo De Almeida, Nancy Sotero, Rafael Pauletti Gonçalves, Edgard Morya, Lilian Lira Lisboa, Lucia Maria Costa Monteiro, Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior
Summary: Children with Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) present brain abnormalities that include the cortical level (RIBEIRO, 2018) and can compromise the integrity of their conexions with the urinary and digestive systems, making them susceptible to bowel and bladder dysfunctions. Studies have confirmed the presence of neurogenic bladder in children with microcephaly and CZS (COSTA MONTEIRO, 2018; 2019). Considering the frequent association between bladder and bowel dysfunctions (MACHADO, 2016), their common embrionary origin and their similar sympathetic (L1-L3) and parasympathetic (S2-S4) innervation, it would be expected that patients with CZS and neurogenic bladder may also present bowel dysfunction. However, we didn't find published studies that have specifically addressed bowel dysfunction in children with CZS and bladder dysfunction. Therefore, we developed and tested this research protocol, based on accumulated knowledge in the treatment of patients with neurogenic bowel for other causes, and also in the treatment of patients with CZS. This protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee (CAAE-17583419.7.0000.5537) and has been used as part of the investigation methodology of bowel dysfunction in CZS children admitted for ambulatory follow-up on Anita Garibaldi Center of Education and Research in Health (CEPS). The Bowel Function Assessment Protocol includes extended clinical anamnesis with guiding questions related to signals and symptoms of functionals disturbances, detailed physical examination, Bristol scale and rectal ampoule ultrasound. .justify:after { content: ""; display:inline-block; width: 100%; } This protocol is part of a research in progress at CEPS. Our preliminary data, under protection to be published, suggest that neurogenic bowel dysfunction can be a sequel of CZS. By making this research protocol public, we hope to encourage the reproduction of this research by other groups and empower scientific knowledge in the field of CZS.

Proper citation: Valeria Azevedo De Almeida, Nancy Sotero, Rafael Pauletti Gonçalves, Edgard Morya, Lilian Lira Lisboa, Lucia Maria Costa Monteiro, Reginaldo Antônio de Oliveira Freitas Júnior 2020. CRITERIA TO EVALUATE NEUROGENIC BOWEL DYSFUNCTION IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL ZIKA SYNDROME. protocols.io dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bidika4e Copy   

•   Source: Protocols.io