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http://www.xavierdidelot.xtreemhost.com/clonalframe.htm

Software package for the inference of bacterial microevolution using multilocus sequence data. It is used to identify the clonal relationships between the members of a sample, while also estimating the chromosomal position of homologous recombination events that have disrupted the clonal inheritance.

Proper citation: Clonalframe (RRID:SCR_016060) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.sanger.ac.uk/science/tools/seqtools

Software for sequence alignments that displays multiple match sequences aligned against a single genomic reference sequence. It can be used for manipulation, display and annotation of genomic data, to check the quality of an alignment, to find missing/misaligned sequence, and to identify splice sites and polyA sites.

Proper citation: Blixem (RRID:SCR_015994) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.ensembl.org/

Collection of genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species with DNA and protein sequence search capabilities. Used to automatically annotate genome, integrate this annotation with other available biological data and make data publicly available via web. Ensembl tools include BLAST, BLAT, BioMart and the Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) for all supported species.

Proper citation: Ensembl (RRID:SCR_002344) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://www.wtccc.org.uk/

Consortium of 50 research groups across the UK to harness the power of newly-available genotyping technologies to improve our understanding of the aetiological basis of several major causes of global disease. The consortium has gathered genotype data for up to 500,000 sites of genome sequence variation (single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs) in samples ascertained for the disease phenotypes. Analysis of the genome-wide association data generated has lead to the identification of many SNPs and genes showing evidence of association with disease susceptibility, some of which will be followed up in future studies. In addition, the Consortium has gained important insights into the technical, analytical, methodological and biological aspects of genome-wide association analysis. The core of the study comprised an analysis of 2,000 samples from each of seven diseases (type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension, bipolar disorder, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease). For each disease, the case samples have been ascertained from sites widely distributed across Great Britain, allowing us to obtain considerable efficiencies by comparing each of these case populations to a common set of 3,000 nationally-ascertained controls also from England, Scotland and Wales. These controls come from two sources: 1,500 are representative samples from the 1958 British Birth Cohort and 1,500 are blood donors recruited by the three national UK Blood Services. One of the questions that the WTCCC study has addressed relates to the relative merits of these alternative strategies for the generation of representative population cohorts. Genotyping for this main Case Control study was conducted by Affymetrix using the (commercial) Affymetrix 500K chip. As part of this study a total of 17,000 samples were typed for 500,000 SNPs. There are two additional components to the study. First, the WTCCC award is part-funding a study of host resistance to infectious diseases in African populations. The same approach has been used to type 2,000 cases of tuberculosis (TB) and 2,000 cases of malaria, as well as 2,000 shared controls. As well as addressing diseases of major global significance, and extending WTCCC coverage into the area of infectious disease, the inclusion of samples of African origin has obvious benefits with respect to methodological aspects of genome-wide association analysis. Second, the WTCCC has, for four additional diseases (autoimmune thyroid disease, breast cancer, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis), completed an analysis of 15,000 SNPs designed to represent a large proportion of the known non-synonymous coding SNPs across the genome. This analysis has been performed at the WTSI using a custom Infinium chip (Illumina). Data release The genotypic data of the control samples (1958 British Birth Cohort and UK Blood Service) and from seven diseases analyzed in the main study are now available to qualified researchers. Summary genotype statistics for these collections are available directly from the website. Access to the individual-level genotype data and summary genotype statistics is by application to the Consortium Data Access Committee (CDAC) and approval subject to a Data Access Agreement. WTCCC2: A further round of GWA studies were funded in April 2008. These include 15 WTCCC-collaborative studies and 12 independent studies be supported totaling approximately 120,000 samples. Many of the studies represent major international collaborative networks that have together assembled large sample collections. WTCCC2 will perform genome-wide association studies in 13 disease conditions: Ankylosing spondylitis, Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, glaucoma, ischaemic stroke, multiple sclerosis, pre-eclampsia, Parkinson's disease, psychosis endophenotypes, psoriasis, schizophrenia, ulcerative colitis and visceral leishmaniasis. WTCCC2 will also investigate the genetics of reading and mathematics abilities in children and the pharmacogenomics of statin response. Over 60,000 samples will be analyzed using either the Affymetrix v6.0 chip or the Illumina 660K chip. The WTCCC2 will also genotype 3,000 controls each from the 1958 British Birth cohort and the UK Blood Service control group, and the 6,000 controls will be genotyped on both the Affymetrix v6.0 and Illumina 1.2M chips. WTCCC3: The Wellcome Trust has provided support for a further round of GWA studies in January 2009. These include 5 WTCCC-collaborative studies to be carried out in WTCCC3 and 5 independent studies, across a range of diseases. Many of the studies represent major international collaborative networks that have together assembled large sample collections. WTCCC3 will perform genome-wide association studies in the following 4 disease conditions: primary biliary cirrhosis, anorexia nervosa, pre-eclampsia in UK subjects, and the interactions between donor and recipient DNA related to early and late renal transplant dysfunction. The WTCCC3 will also carry out a pilot in a study of the genetics of host control of HIV-1 infection. Over 40,000 samples will be analyzed using the Illumina 660K chip. The WTCCC3 will utilize the 6,000 control genotypes generated by the WTCCC2.

Proper citation: Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (RRID:SCR_001973) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.ddduk.org/

The Deciphering Developmental Disorders (DDD) study aims to find out if using new genetic technologies can help doctors understand why patients get developmental disorders. To do this we have brought together doctors in the 23 NHS Regional Genetics Services throughout the UK and scientists at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, a charitably funded research institute which played a world-leading role in sequencing (reading) the human genome. The DDD study involves experts in clinical, molecular and statistical genetics, as well as ethics and social science. It has a Scientific Advisory Board consisting of scientists, doctors, a lawyer and patient representative, and has received National ethical approval in the UK. Over the next few years, we are aiming to collect DNA and clinical information from 12,000 undiagnosed children in the UK with developmental disorders and their parents. The results of the DDD study will provide a unique, online catalogue of genetic changes linked to clinical features that will enable clinicians to diagnose developmental disorders. Furthermore, the study will enable the design of more efficient and cheaper diagnostic assays for relevant genetic testing to be offered to all such patients in the UK and so transform clinical practice for children with developmental disorders. Over time, the work will also improve understanding of how genetic changes cause developmental disorders and why the severity of the disease varies in individuals. The Sanger Institute will contribute to the DDD study by performing genetic analysis of DNA samples from patients with developmental disorders, and their parents, recruited into the study through the Regional Genetics Services. Using microarray technology and the latest DNA sequencing methods, research teams will probe genetic information to identify mutations (DNA errors or rearrangements) and establish if these mutations play a role in the developmental disorders observed in patients. The DDD initiative grew out of the groundbreaking DECIPHER database, a global partnership of clinical genetics centres set up in 2004, which allows researchers and clinicians to share clinical and genomic data from patients worldwide. The DDD study aims to transform the power of DECIPHER as a diagnostic tool for use by clinicians. As well as improving patient care, the DDD team will empower researchers in the field by making the data generated securely available to other research teams around the world. By assembling a solid resource of high-quality, high-resolution and consistent genomic data, the leaders of the DDD study hope to extend the reach of DECIPHER across a broader spectrum of disorders than is currently possible.

Proper citation: Deciphering Developmental Disorders (RRID:SCR_006171) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.basisproject.eu/

Consortium to generate complete catalogs of somatic mutations in 500 breast cancers, of the ER+ve HER2- subclass, under the International Cancer Genome Consortium model by high coverage, shotgun genome sequencing of both tumor and normal DNA. The strategy is to collect, store, review, quality control and extract DNA and RNA from breast cancer and normal tissues from 500 ER+, HER2- breast cancer cases which will be subjected to a coordinated series of genomic analyses including whole genome shotgun sequencing, genome-wide copy number analysis, mRNA expression analysis, miRNA expression analysis and genome-wide methylation analysis. A comprehensive catalogue of somatic mutations will be generated from each cancer. Somatic mutation catalogues from the 500 cancers will be analysed and integrated with expression and methylation data to identify novel cancer genes, characterize subverted biological pathways that are operative, describe patterns of somatic mutation and explore early translational applications of personalized somatic genomic data for patients with ER+, HER2- breast cancer. The results will impact the understanding of the causes and biology of breast cancer and will lead to major advances in detection, prevention and treatment in one of the most common diseases and causes of death in the developed world. The Consortium has completed a number of investigative exercises into the experimental protocols and technological practices relating to whole genome sequencing, epigenetics and transcriptomics including: * Completion of extensive testing of current RNA-seq protocol. * Designed and implemented a new, improved RNA-seq protocol which utilizes RNA samples regardless of their RNA Integrity Number. * Completed pilot testing of the Infinium 450k array and associated bi-sulfite sequencing. * Refined the whole genome sequencing library production protocols to produce more robust libraries. * Improved the primary variant-calling algorithms (for substitutions, insertions / deletions and rearrangements) * Developed new analytical algorithms to explore the resulting high-quality variants. As such, variant calling of whole genome sequencing data and secondary downstream analysis can begin in earnest in a trackable and automated fashion.

Proper citation: Breast Cancer Somatic Genetics Study (RRID:SCR_003832) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://cancer.sanger.ac.uk/cancergenome/projects/cosmic/

Database to store and display somatic mutation information and related details and contains information relating to human cancers. The mutation data and associated information is extracted from the primary literature. In order to provide a consistent view of the data a histology and tissue ontology has been created and all mutations are mapped to a single version of each gene. The data can be queried by tissue, histology or gene and displayed as a graph, as a table or exported in various formats.
Some key features of COSMIC are:
* Contains information on publications, samples and mutations. Includes samples which have been found to be negative for mutations during screening therefore enabling frequency data to be calculated for mutations in different genes in different cancer types.
* Samples entered include benign neoplasms and other benign proliferations, in situ and invasive tumours, recurrences, metastases and cancer cell lines.

Proper citation: COSMIC - Catalogue Of Somatic Mutations In Cancer (RRID:SCR_002260) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry